Myers-Briggs typology (MBTI)
The first classification of psychological personality types was made by the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung in his work Psychological Types, published in 1921.
Then American psychologists Katharina Brigss and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers expanded it, and in the 40s the first version of the test to determine one of the 16 personality types appeared. It is now known as the MBTI test (Myers–Briggs Type Indicator).
Then American psychologists Katharina Brigss and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers expanded it, and in the 40s the first version of the test to determine one of the 16 personality types appeared. It is now known as the MBTI test (Myers–Briggs Type Indicator).
The MBTI personality type is indicated by the first letters of the qualities that define a person's behavior:
- E (Extrovertion)
- I (Intraversion)
- S (Sensation)
- N (iNtuition)
- T (Thinking)
- F (Feeling)
- J (Judging)
- P (Perceiving)
After taking the standard MBTI test, you will see the percentage of these qualities in your character.
All possible combinations of these four groups give 16 personality types. Below are their abbreviations and corresponding characteristic pseudonyms, as simple combinations of letters are less memorable.
You can see all personality types here
The Myers-Briggs typology is recognized by the American Psychological Association. Today in the U.S. up to 70% of high school graduates undergo a personality type identification for the purpose of choosing a future profession. The MBTI is considered a standard questionnaire, has been translated into 30 languages and is used worldwide.
Main applications of the MBTI typology:
- self-knowledge and personal growth;
- career development and career guidance;
- problem solving;
- family counseling;
- organizational development;
- management and leadership training;
- interpersonal interaction training.
For more information on the MBTI typology, see Wikipedia. You can take our personality type test here.
MBTI Cognitive Function
Type theory defines personality as a set of cognitive functions (from latin cognitio 'cognition'). People are divided into different categories of personality according to their natural inclinations.
Without cognition, we would have no ideas, thoughts, feelings, beliefs, or values, and our behavior would be controlled by our autonomous 'animal' brain, adapted for physical survival. It is through cognition that we develop a sense of self, give meaning to life events, evaluate situations and make decisions, and imagine what awaits us in the future – knowledge makes us human.
According to the MBTI typology, there are 8 cognitive functions:
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